Ensure that `PDFDocument.documentInfo` doesn't fail during document load, when the entire XRef table hasn't been fetched yet (issue 8180)

Similar to other `try-catch` statements in `/core` code, we must re-throw `MissingDataException` to prevent issues with missing data during document loading.
Note that I'm not sure if/how we can test this, which is why the patch doesn't include any test(s).

Fixes 8180.

src/core/document.js

@@ -595,6 +595,9 @@ var PDFDocument = (function PDFDocumentClosure() {
       try {
         infoDict = this.xref.trailer.get('Info');
       } catch (err) {
+        if (err instanceof MissingDataException) {
+          throw err;
+        }
         info('The document information dictionary is invalid.');
       }
       if (infoDict) {